Histoire des Sciences médicales

La revue Histoire des sciences médicales est l'organe officiel de la Société française d’histoire de la médecine (SFHM) depuis 1967. Pour consulter les archives de la SFHM avant 1967 : Cf. https://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/archives-de-la-sfhm/

Cette revue, trimestrielle jusqu’en 2018, est devenue annuelle à partir de 2019 (avec le Tome LIII, qui correspond en fait au premier tome des parutions annuelles). Les numéros suivants sont indiqué par Tome II pour 2020, Tome III pour 2021, etc.

L'accès à la version numérique d’Histoire des sciences médicales est réalisé grâce au soutien de la BIU Santé (Université Paris Cité) et du Département d’histoire de la santé.

Recherche
(sur le contenu des notices)

Recherche avec Google
(sur le contenu des articles)

1991, Vol. 25 (1)	(PDF complet : 38 Mo)
[Sommaire] (PDF 834 Ko) Pour citer cet article [Sommaire] In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 1991, 25 (1), pp. 3-4 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx1991x025x001/HSMx1991x025x001x0003.pdf	3-4
[Vie de la Société] . Compte rendu de l'assemblée générale du 15 décembre 1990. / Compte rendu de la séance du samedi 15 décembre 1990. (PDF 4410 Ko) Pour citer cet article [Vie de la Société] . Compte rendu de l'assemblée générale du 15 décembre 1990. / Compte rendu de la séance du samedi 15 décembre 1990. In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 1991, 25 (1), pp. 5-14 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx1991x025x001/HSMx1991x025x001x0005.pdf	5-14
Séance provinciale de Lyon-Bron (23-24 juin 1990).
Bouchet, Alain. - Brève histoire de la médecine lyonnaise. (PDF 2949 Ko) The history of medicine in Lyons started in 542 with the creation by King Childebert of a first hospital on the right bank of the Saône. But the first spur of a valid hospital activity dates in fact of the creation of the Hôtel-Dieu at 1190, which was chiefly known during the Renaissance by Rabelais's activity from 1532 to 1535. Later a second hospital, the Charité was built ahead of the first one in the XVIIth century and was used until its suppression in 1933. During the XVIIIth century took place the teaching of hospital surgery which competed with that of the Collège Royal de Chirurgie. But it is the Majorat of the Hôtel-Dieu which gave the greatest notoriety to the Lyons surgeons during the whole XIXth century. Simultaneously the teaching was only realized in the frame of the hospitals and several active campaigns were needed for the creation in these premises of a Secondary School in 1821 and a Preparatory School in 1850. The Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy was opened only in 1877 on the left bank of the Rhône, then in 1931 in the estate bequeathed by Rockefeller. Since then the development of the hospitals has allowed the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire of Lyons to function since 1970 with four Faculties of Medicine. Pour citer cet article Bouchet, Alain. - Brève histoire de la médecine lyonnaise. In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 1991, 25 (1), pp. 15-20 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx1991x025x001/HSMx1991x025x001x0017.pdf	15-20
Guillet, René. - Guérilla et Service de santé: l'expérience des maquis de l'Ain et du Haut-Jura. [Guerilla and medical Service in the maquis of the Ain and Haut-Jura Area.] (PDF 5035 Ko) The author studies, in the light of his personal experience as an underground army surgeon in a large City and later, in the Maquis of the Ain and Haut-Jura Area, the organization and working conditions of medical care during the fight against german occupation. He emphasizes the existence of the medical Service of the “Résistance” as a reality and, if the physicians directly engaged alongside the fighters in the Underground Army were not many, on the other hand, the very large majority of french doctors never refused to give medical assistance to the wounded or ailing resistants, thus risking their own lives. The author insists on the psychological importance of the presence of medical doctors in the maquis which far exceeded that of their therapeutical action, always difficult to dispense, at the time. He also pretends that the real problem was the case of untransportable patients. Were the doctors under moral the obligation to remain with their patients and die with them, as was the cas in the “Grotte de la Luire” in the Vercors Mountains, or try to evacuate them towards the forests, where the chances of survival were greater, whatever the cost in lives? In any case, the price to pay was heavy: at Liberation time, 165 french doctors had been executed by the germans and the number of those deported to the death camps for Resistance action was still unknown. Pour citer cet article Guillet, René. - Guérilla et Service de santé: l'expérience des maquis de l'Ain et du Haut-Jura. [Guerilla and medical Service in the maquis of the Ain and Haut-Jura Area.] In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 1991, 25 (1), pp. 21-30 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx1991x025x001/HSMx1991x025x001x0021.pdf	21-30
Notter, Armand. - Difficultés d'industrialisation de la pénicilline (1928-1942): Alexander Fleming, Howard Florey, Ernst Boris Chain. [Difficulties for the industrialization of penicillin (1928-1942): Alexander Fleming, Howard Florey, Ernst Boris Chain.] (PDF 3977 Ko) Penicillium evoked by Ernest Duchesne in his Lyons medical thesis (1897) has been brought forward due to its therapeutic properties by Alexander Fleming in 1929. The latter, assistant at the Inoculation Department (Sir Almroth Wright's laboratory in London) first discovered the lysozyme derived from lacrymal and nasal secretions, then penicillin derived from Penicillium notatum. He published in 1928 his results on penicillin's prodigious properties against various microbes such as staphylococci, streptococci; it was inoffensive and not toxic for the human body. The active extract obtained was however unstable. Howard Florey, australian and Ernst Boris Chain, jewish emigrant from Berlin succeeded in 1939 to obtain a purified and stable extract on the condition of being treated under cold conditions. England during the “Blitz” was not able to industrialize the culture, so Florey had to go to Peoria in the United States to find the “corn steep liquor” derived from maize from where it was possible to industrialize great quantities of penicillin. Five great american pharmaceutical firms held an assembly on september 25, 1942 which led to the massive production of penicillin. At the beginning it was only used to cure soldiers wounds and burns and limited in private practice because of the few quantity available. Pour citer cet article Notter, Armand. - Difficultés d'industrialisation de la pénicilline (1928-1942): Alexander Fleming, Howard Florey, Ernst Boris Chain. [Difficulties for the industrialization of penicillin (1928-1942): Alexander Fleming, Howard Florey, Ernst Boris Chain.] In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 1991, 25 (1), pp. 31-38 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx1991x025x001/HSMx1991x025x001x0031.pdf	31-38
Guillaumat, Louis. - Hommage au Professeur Paul Brégeat (1909-1989). (PDF 2103 Ko) Pour citer cet article Guillaumat, Louis. - Hommage au Professeur Paul Brégeat (1909-1989). In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 1991, 25 (1), pp. 39-42 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx1991x025x001/HSMx1991x025x001x0039.pdf	39-42
B. Weiner, Dora. - Philippe Pinel, professeur de physique médicale, d'après des documents inédits. (PDF 5803 Ko) Philippe Pinel was initially appointed to the Paris Health School as associate professor of “medical physics”. He switched to “internal pathology” the next year. The recently discovered outline for his first course is here considered as a significant document in his intellectual development. His training and relevant early publications are analyzed. Pour citer cet article B. Weiner, Dora. - Philippe Pinel, professeur de physique médicale, d'après des documents inédits. In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 1991, 25 (1), pp. 43-52 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx1991x025x001/HSMx1991x025x001x0043.pdf	43-52
Jacob, Françoise. - Grandeur et servitude des médecins aliénistes au XIXème siècle en France: l'exemple d'Adrien Bouteille à Toulouse (1881-1893). [Greatness and servitude for mental physicians during XIXth century, in France: the example of Adrien Bouteille, at Toulouse (1881-1895).] (PDF 4317 Ko) As all mental physicians, Adrien Bouteille clashed with police and justice trying to defend mental ills. He had to think “moderate left” under new french republic. He was master in his asylum but his employees contested violently his power. His asylum was like vast property being difficult for managing. Finally, A. Bouteille being conscientious complained about few therapeutic measures. Pour citer cet article Jacob, Françoise. - Grandeur et servitude des médecins aliénistes au XIXème siècle en France: l'exemple d'Adrien Bouteille à Toulouse (1881-1893). [Greatness and servitude for mental physicians during XIXth century, in France: the example of Adrien Bouteille, at Toulouse (1881-1895).] In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 1991, 25 (1), pp. 53-60 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx1991x025x001/HSMx1991x025x001x0053.pdf	53-60
Sevestre, Pierre. - La Maison de Charenton, de la fondation à la reconstruction (1641-1838). [The Charenton Madhouse. From establishment to rebuilding 1641-1838.] (PDF 6152 Ko) A hundred and fifty years ago, in 1838, was laid the foundation stone of the new “Maison de Charenton”, now called “Hôpital Esquirol”. It has been originally founded under the reign of Louis XIII, in 1641. The history of the institution during this century is briefly recorded in three steps. First, during the time of the “Charitains (1641-1797), has been raised a practice of insanes about their status and treatment, founded on the notion of illness and based on on the moral access. Later (1797-1825), after a brief closure of madhouse at the Revolution, it was the time of “antipsychiatrist” Coulmiers with absolute power, of Marquis de Sade orderer of shows, then, of the reformer Royer-Collard affiliated to the School of Medicine of Paris who, whith his student A.L.J. Bayle, discovered, in a particular brain injury, the specificity of a multi-symptomatic mental disease: the general paralysis. This concept burst the theoretical notion of “unitary madness”, and bound mental pathology and medicine. At least (1826-1840), the period of the great Esquirol with the pursuit of the clinical, statistical, institutional and operative works, trained by the design of an hospital specially typical building program, alienist's instrument, wich has been raised by the great architect Gilbert, on Charenton. Pour citer cet article Sevestre, Pierre. - La Maison de Charenton, de la fondation à la reconstruction (1641-1838). [The Charenton Madhouse. From establishment to rebuilding 1641-1838.] In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 1991, 25 (1), pp. 61-72 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx1991x025x001/HSMx1991x025x001x0061.pdf	61-72
Craplet, Michel. - L'architecture dans les textes d'Esquirol. (PDF 2196 Ko) The author analyses the importance of architecture in Esquirol's works. Touring through the asylums, Esquirol took a large interest in theses places for treatment, from “programming” to urbanism. As an alienist, thinking like an architect, he worked out to the details of construction and, indeed, took a good part in some innovations. However, unlike others, he did not fall into the utopian views of the nineteenth century. Pour citer cet article Craplet, Michel. - L'architecture dans les textes d'Esquirol. In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 1991, 25 (1), pp. 73-77 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx1991x025x001/HSMx1991x025x001x0073.pdf	73-77
Cornet, A. - Postel, J.. - Analyses d'ouvrages. (PDF 1271 Ko) Pour citer cet article Cornet, A. - Postel, J.. - Analyses d'ouvrages. In : Histoire des Sciences médicales, 1991, 25 (1), pp. 78-80 URL : http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx1991x025x001/HSMx1991x025x001x0078.pdf	78-80

Histoire des Sciences médicales

1991, Vol. 25 (1)